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Labor and Labor Relations

Assembly-line production in a Teddy Bear Factory, 1915
Assembly-line production in a Teddy Bear Factory, 1915

As part of the “Fordist” revolution in manufacturing, assembly lines were introduced to divide the production process into simple, repetitive…

Boy Working in Sweatshop, 1889
Boy Working in Sweatshop, 1889

A twelve-year-old boy works as a thread puller in a New York clothing factory.

Brewery workers pose outside the August Schell Brewery, 1885
Brewery workers pose outside the August Schell Brewery, 1885

Brewery workers pose outside the August Schell Brewery, 1885.

Cloak Makers’ Strike, New York City, May 1, 1916
Cloak Makers’ Strike, New York City, May 1, 1916

This photograph shows cloak makers striking in New York City on May 1, 1916 (May Day). Financier Jacob Schiff must…

Garbage Collectors’ Strike, New York City, 1911
Garbage Collectors’ Strike, New York City, 1911

Social unrest and strikes were the flipside of the unbridled acquisition of wealth and power during the Progressive Era. This…

Male Boss and Female Sweatshop Employee, 1888
Male Boss and Female Sweatshop Employee, 1888

A male boss waves his fist at a female worker in a clothing factory. Wood engraving from Frank Leslie’s Illustrated…

Six workers posing outside the August Schell Brewery, n.d.
Six workers posing outside the August Schell Brewery, n.d.

Six workers posing outside the August Schell Brewery, n.d.

Walter P. Spreckels announces the results of a unionization ballot at Gilmore Stadium, Hollywood, 1939
Spreckels, Walter P. announces the results of a unionization ballot at Gilmore Stadium, Hollywood, 1939

Walter P. Spreckels (upper left) announces the results of a unionization ballot at Gilmore Stadium, Hollywood, 1939.

Sweatshop Workers in New York City, 1908
Sweatshop Workers in New York City, 1908

A group of sweatshop workers, including at least one boy (far right), in the garment shop of M. Silverman, 30…

Worker cottage on the grounds of the August Schell Brewing Company, 1990
Worker cottage on the grounds of the August Schell Brewing Company, 1990

Worker cottage on the grounds of the August Schell Brewing Company, 1990.

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